Nowdays all countries have problems of energy sustainability, this was due to the limited supply of oil and gas. Now, oil and gas are the main energy source in the world so that the energy current depends on the availability of oil and gas. On the other hand, the need for energy is increasing, data from SKK Migas show that consumption of energy in Indonesia rose about 7% per year, so in 2025 we will need additional energy 180% of this year. This is further aggravated by the decreasing of oil and gas reserves, the data from SKK Migas tell us also that oil reserves will be run out in 12 years from now, while for gas 44 years.
Energy conservation needs to be done to solve the problem, we have to find a replacement energy to achieve national energy sustainability. Renewable energy such as geothermal energy, wind power, hydropower, solar energy, etc are needed to solve this problem.
A unconventional hydrocarbons in the solution of energy crisis, lately exploration is used to search unconventional hydrocarbons include: Coal Bed Methane (CBM), Shale Gas, Shale Oil, Gas Tight, Tight Oil, Gas hydrate, Sour gas (gas containing hydrogen sulfide / H2S). The data from Wood Mackenzie tell us the development of unconventional energy, from that data Tight oil dominates in developing unconventional energy, Tight oil is petroleum that consists of light crude oil contained in petroleum-bearing formations of low permeability, often shale or tight sandstone. (Wikipedia).
In addition shale gas also has potential to developed. Shale gas is natural gas that is found trapped within shale formations.[Wikipedia] Shale gas has become an increasingly important source of natural gas in the United States since the start of this century, and interest has spread to potential gas shales in the rest of the world. In 2000 shale gas provided only 1% of U.S. natural gas production; by 2010 it was over 20% and the U.S. government's Energy Information Administration predicts that by 2035, 46% of the United States' natural gas supply will come from shale gas, and how about the developing shale gas in Indonesia, Indonesia has high potential in shale gas development, shale gas reserves in Indonesia comes out at 574 TCF.
Renewable energy and hydrocarbon non conventional are the solution of energy crisis this day, hopefully with developing of renewable energy and hydrocarbon non conventional, we will not depend on consumption of oil and gas.
Reference:
Anonymous. (2014). Shale gas. [Internet]. Available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shale_gas> [Accessed on October 17 2014].
Stevens. J. (2012) Shale Gas and Tight Oil [Internet]. Available at <http://econbrowser.com/archives/2012/07/shale_oil_and_t> [Accessed on October 17 2014].
